The belt conveyor is a type of friction-driven continuous conveying equipment that utilizes a continuous loop of conveyor belt to serve as both the load-bearing and traction element. It operates by relying on the friction generated between the drive pulley and the rubber belt to drive the belt's circulation, while idlers support the belt and the material carried upon it, thereby enabling the uninterrupted transport of powdered, granular, and lump materials.
The operation of a belt conveyor can be summarized in four stages:
Driving: Once the motor starts, power is transmitted via a speed reducer to the drive pulley, causing it to rotate.
Transmission: Relying on the friction between its surface and the conveyor belt, the drive pulley propels the belt in a continuous loop. The belt travels around the drive pulley and the tensioning pulley, forming an endless loop.
Load-bearing and Conveying: Material is loaded onto the upper surface (carrying strand) of the belt at the feed end; it moves synchronously with the belt and is transported to the discharge end. The lower section of the belt serves as the empty return strand.
Discharging and Cycling: Upon reaching the discharge end, the material is unloaded—either via a discharge device or by sliding off naturally—and the belt continues its cycle back to the feed end to begin the next round of transport.
The key to the entire process is maintaining sufficient friction between the drive pulley and the conveyor belt; inadequate friction causes the belt to slip, preventing proper material transport. This is precisely the function of the tensioning device: by adjusting the belt's tension, it ensures that friction levels consistently meet operational requirements.
Belt conveyors are highly versatile conveying systems used across a wide range of heavy and light industries that require material transfer. Key industry applications include:
Organic and compound fertilizer processing: Conveying equipment links every stage of the production line—from raw material storage and crushing to mixing, granulation, drying, cooling, screening, and packaging. Huaqiang Heavy Industry customizes conveyor components based on the specific material temperature, humidity, and corrosiveness associated with each process step; if you are planning a complete production line, we invite you to view the details of our double-roller extrusion granulator.
Mining and aggregates: Transporting crushed stone, river sand, and ore; single-unit conveyors can span distances of over a thousand meters in mining operations.
Grain processing: Transporting corn, wheat, and other grains using food-grade conveyor belts to prevent material contamination.
Building materials and cement plants: Transporting clinker, limestone, and cement granules using high-temperature resistant conveyor belts.
Ports and logistics warehousing: Bulk cargo transfer, express parcel sorting, and the loading/unloading of bulk materials.
They offer high conveying capacity and relatively low operating noise, and can transport materials horizontally or up an incline; the structure is simple, and replacement parts are easy to source; they are capable of continuous, uninterrupted operation over long periods; and dust covers can be installed to minimize dust generation when handling powdery materials.
The conveyor belt is a consumable part and is susceptible to scratches from sharp materials; the inclination angle is limited—with standard flat belts, materials will slide backward if the angle exceeds the limit; and belts are prone to aging when used in outdoor environments.
| Belt Width (mm) |
Conveying length(m) Power(kw) |
Conveying speed (m/s) |
Delivery quantity (t/h) |
||
| 500 | ≤12 3 |
12-20 4-5.5 |
20-30 5.5-7.5 |
1.3-1.6 | 78-191 |
| 650 | ≤12 4 |
12-20 5.5 |
20-30 7.5-11 |
1.3-1.6 | 131-323 |
| 800 | ≤6 4 |
6-15 5.5 |
15-30 7.5-15 |
1.3-1.6 | 278-546 |
| 1000 | ≤10 5.5 |
10-20 7.5-11 |
20-40 11-22 |
1.3-2.0 | 435-853 |
| 1200 | ≤12 7.5 |
10-20 11 |
20-30 15-30 |
1.3-2.0 | 655-1284 |
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Compared with the ordinary belt conveyor, it increases the mobile device, because the mobile device makes the mobile belt conveyor with the superior maneuverability, and can be driven or traced to the suitable place for loading and unloading of goods acco
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